GB31 Fengshi (Wind Market)

Location

On the midline of the lateral aspect of the thigh, 7 thumb widths above the transverse popliteal crease; when patient is standing erect with hands close to the sides, point is where tip of the middle finger touches.

Indications

Conditions for which GB31 is listed as indicated. An indication list is a reference index, not a prescription – see the protocols below for sourced treatments.

Protocols using GB31

The 50 best-sourced of 68, ranked by strength of evidence. The count above is the full figure.

• Osteoarthritis, Leg Pain, Hip Pain, Spinal Stenosis, Degenerative Disc Disease, Lumbar Spondylosis – LI04, ST36, GB31, LV03 (doi:10.2147/ijgm.s3670 ↗)
• Thigh Numbness, Thigh Lateral Pain, Paraesthesia Thigh, Burning Thigh, Meralgia Paraesthetica – BL25, GB30, GB31, GB32, GB34 (doi:10.1136/acupmed-2013-010395 ↗)
• Low Back Pain, Spondylolisthesis – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GV03 (doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-105 ↗)
• Knee Pain, Osteoarthritis Knee, Stiffness Morning, Disability Musculoskeletal – LI04, ST34, ST35, ST36, ST40, ST41, SP06, SP09, SP10, BL60, KD03, GB31, GB33, GB34, GB36, GB39, GB41, LV03, LV08 (doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013830 ↗)
• Disability Musculoskeletal, Osteonecrosis Femoral Head Bilateral, Hip Bilateral Pain – LI04, LI11, ST36, SP06, GB04, GB05, GB06, GB13, GB14, GB20, GB30, GB31, GB34, LV03 (doi:10.15171/jlms.2018.28 ↗)
• Chronic Pain, Back Low Pain, Disability Lumbar – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GV03 (doi:10.1186/s13063-018-3049-x ↗)
• Knee Pain, Osteoarthritis Knee, Stiffness Knee, Inflammation Joint – ST34, ST35, ST36, ST40, ST41, SP06, SP09, SP10, BL60, KD03, GB31, GB33, GB34, GB36, GB39, GB41, LV03, LV07, LV08 (doi:10.2147/JPR.S256950 ↗)
• Ischemic Stroke, Hemiplegia Poststroke, Paralysis Motor Poststroke – LI04, LI11, LI15, ST36, GB20, GB31, GB34, GV20 (doi:10.1155/2020/6415083 ↗)
• Constipation, Diarrhea, Pruritus, Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema Skin – LI02, LI11, ST36, PC06, GB31 (doi:10.1155/2021/5584247 ↗)
• Sciatica, Low Back Pain, Spondylolisthesis Lumbar Degenerative – BL23, BL40, BL54, BL57, GB30, GB31, GB34, GV02, GV03, GV04 (doi:10.1155/2022/6016542 ↗)
• Leg Weakness, Low-back Pain, Claudication Neurogenic, Lower-extremity Pain, Stenosis Lumbar-spinal – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GV03 (doi:10.2147/JPR.S399132 ↗)
• Leg Weakness, Low-back Pain, Claudication Neurogenic, Lower-extremity Pain, Stenosis Lumbar-spinal – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GV03 (doi:10.2147/JPR.S399132 ↗)
• Stroke Hemiplegia, Paralysis Limb, Gait Disturbance, Balance Dysfunction – ST36, ST44, SP06, GB30, GB31, GB37, GB39, GB40 (doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000037784 ↗)
• Hemiplegia, Shoulder Pain, Post-stroke Pain – LI11, LI15, ST36, GB21, GB31, GB39 (doi:10.1186/s12906-025-04891-1 ↗)
• Hip Pain, Low-back Pain, Disability Lumbar – LI04, GB30, GB31, GB34 (doi:10.1589/jpts.29.1416 ↗)
• Neuropathic Pain, Post-stroke Pain, Central Pain – LI11, LI15, ST36, GB21, GB31, GB39 (doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000022611 ↗)
• Pruritus Uremic, Kidney Disease Chronic, Pruritus Dialysis – LI11, ST36, SP10, BL17, GB31 (doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1036072 ↗)
• Fatigue, Anxiety, Weakness, Depression, Pain, Insomnia, Nausea, Drowsiness, Dyspnea, Pruritus, Restless Legs Syndrome, Muscle Cramp – LI04, HT07, SI04, PC06, GB31 (doi:10.1177/20543581241267164 ↗)
• Leg Pain, Buttock Pain, Low Back Pain, Mobility Reduced, Spinal Stenosis Lumbar, Neurogenic Claudication – ST36, ST40, BL22, BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL53, BL54, GB30, GB31, GB34, LV03, GV03, GV04, GV05 (doi:10.1016/j.imr.2025.101204 ↗)
• Stroke Recovery, Spasticity Upper Limb, Spasticity Lower Limb – LU05, LI04, LI10, LI11, LI15, ST36, SP06, HT01, BL40, GB30, GB31, LV03 (doi:10.27180/d.cnki.gjxzc.2023.000057 ↗)
• Stroke Recovery, Spasticity Upper Limb, Spasticity Lower Limb – LU05, LI04, LI10, LI11, LI15, ST36, SP06, SP09, HT01, BL40, PC06, TB05, GB30, GB31, GB34, LV03 (doi:10.27180/d.cnki.gjxzc.2023.000057 ↗)
• Lumbar Pain, Stenosis Lumbar Spinal, Claudication Neurogenic, Lower Extremity Pain – SP06, BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL27, BL36, BL40, BL57, BL60, GB30, GB31, GB34, GV03, GV04 (doi:10.13517/j.cnki.ccm.2025.05.015 ↗)
• Stroke Sequelae, Thalamic Post-stroke Pain – LI11, LI15, SP06, HT01, BL40, PC06, TB05, GB07, GB30, GB31, GV20, GV26 (doi:10.19917/j.cnki.1005-0779.024011 ↗)
• Pruritus Skin, Eczema Acute – SI12, BL12, TB17, GB20, GB31, GV16 (doi:10.26988/d.cnki.gcdzu.2024.000120 ↗)
• Urticaria Chronic Wind-cold Type – SI12, BL12, TB17, GB20, GB31, GV16 (doi:10.27021/d.cnki.gfjzc.2025.000109 ↗)
• Arthralgia, Joint Pain, Painful Obstruction Syndrome – LU05, LI04, LI11, BL17, BL40, TB10, GB30, GB31, GB34, GB38 (doi:10.16808/j.cnki.issn1003-7705.2025.05.008 ↗)
• Knee Pain, Osteoarthritis Knee – LU05, LI11, ST35, GB31, GB33 (doi:10.2196/77336 ↗)
• Bone Pain, Leg Numbness, Cancer Lung, Bone Metastasis – ST31, ST32, ST36, BL23, BL25, BL54, BL60, GB31, GB34, GB41, LV03 (doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1684346 ↗)
• Sciatica, Leg Numbness, Back Low Pain, Herniation Disc Lumbar – BL40, BL54, BL57, BL60, GB30, GB31, GB34, GB39 (doi:10.1155/prm/9030734 ↗)
• Stroke, Hemiplegia, Paralysis Spastic, Spasticity Post-stroke – LI04, LI11, LI15, ST31, GB31, LV03 (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240312-k0002 ↗)
• Acute Pain, Injection Pain, Vaccination Pain, Crying – GB31 (doi:10.1016/j.explore.2026.103409 ↗)
• Hives, Itching, Wheals, Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria – ST36, SP10, BL15, BL17, GB31, CV04, GV20 (doi:10.2196/54376 ↗)
• Leg Swelling, Gait Impaired, Stiff Skin Syndrome, Skin Sclerosis, Limited Joint Mobility – BL40, GB29, GB30, GB31, GB34, XB02L2, XB02L3, XB02L4, MS08 (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240824-k0002 ↗)
• Knee Pain, Osteoarthritis Knee, Knee Problems, Joint Knee Pain – ST35, ST36, SP09, SP10, GB31, GB36, GB39, GB41, XL02, XL05A (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20191212-0001 ↗)
• Post-stroke Pain – LI04, LI11, LI15, ST36, SI03, BL57, TB05, GB30, GB31, GB34, GV20 (doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1752555 ↗)
• Ischemic Stroke, Aphasia Post-stroke – ST36, ST41, SP06, GB30, GB31, LV03, GV20 (doi:10.4314/ahs.v24i4.34 ↗)
• Dysphagia, Muscle Weakness, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – LI10, LI11, LI14, LI15, ST31, ST32, ST34, ST35, ST36, ST41, SP06, SP10, BL36, BL37, BL40, BL57, GB20, GB30, GB31, GV20, XL05A (doi:10.1097/md.0000000000033612 ↗)
• Spasticity, Spasticity Post-stroke – LI07, LI11, LI15, GB30, GB31, GB34, GB39 (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20200708-0002 ↗)
• Low Back Pain, Stenosis Lumbar Spinal – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GV03 (doi:10.2147/JPR.S399132 ↗)
• Sciatica, Low Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis Lumbar Degenerative, Claudication Neurogenic, Spinal Stenosis Lumbar – BL23, BL24, BL25, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31 (doi:10.3390/medicina59122166 ↗)
• Balance Impaired, Gait Disturbance, Hemiplegia Post-stroke – ST36, ST44, SP06, GB30, GB31, GB37, GB39, GB40 (doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000037784 ↗)
• Stiff Skin Syndrome, Skin Sclerosis – BL40, GB29, GB30, GB31, GB34, XB02L2, XB02L3, XB02L4, MS08 (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20240824-k0002 ↗)
• Swollen Knee, Limited Range Of Motion Knee, Injury Ligament Anterior Cruciate – ST32, ST36, ST37, ST40, SP06, SP08, GB31, GB39 (doi:10.13703/j.0255-2930.20190213-00014 ↗)
• Leg Pain, Low Back Pain, Spinal Stenosis Lumbar Degenerative, Claudication Neurogenic – ST36, ST40, BL22, BL23, BL24, BL25, BL26, BL53, BL54, GB30, GB31, GB34, LV03, GV03, GV04, GV05, XB02L1, XB02L2, XB02L3, XB02L4, XB02L5 (doi:10.1016/j.imr.2025.101204 ↗)
• Sciatica – BL23, BL30, BL36, BL39, BL40, BL57, BL60, GB30, GB31, GB34 (Deadman, Al-Khafaji & Baker, A Manual of Acupuncture – point group actions)
• Hives, Itching – LI11, SP06, SP10, HT07, BL12, BL13, BL15, BL17, BL18, BL20, BL23, KD16, GB20, GB31, CV06, CV09, GV14, GV20, GV24 (TAO Sha. Acupuncture Treatment for 35 Cases of Urticaria. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2009, 29(2): 97-100)
• Constipation, Urinary Incontinence, Thigh Pain, Lumbar Pain, Urinary Frequent, Urinary Urgent, Lower Limbs Weakness – LI04, ST25, ST31, ST32, SP06, SP10, KD03, GB31, CV04, CV06, GV20 (HU Jin-sheng. Acupuncture Treatment of Prostatitis. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2010, 30(1): 66-67)
• Knee Pain, Swollen Knee, Limited Range Of Motion Knee – ST31, ST32, ST38, SP06, BL23, BL25, BL37, BL57, BL60, KD03, GB31, GB39, GB40, GB41, GB42, LV03 (Mikashima Y, Takagi T, Tomatsu T, Horikoshi M, Ikari K, Momohara S. Efficacy of acupuncture during post-acute phase of rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty. J Tradit Chin Med 2012; 32(4): 545-548)
• Buttocks Pain, Lower Limb Pain, Muscle Spasm, Lameness – ST36, BL40, BL60, GB30, GB31, GB34, GB39 (ZOU Zhen. Fifty-two Cases of the Piriformis Syndrome Treated by Centro-square Needling. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2009, 29(1): 11-12)
• Hip Pain, Postoperative Pain – LI04, ST36, PC06, GB31 (Lan F et al.. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acupoints reduces fentanyl requirement for postoperative pain relief after total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients.. Minerva anestesiologica, 2012)

Most often selected alongside GB31

How many sourced protocols in the index pair each point with GB31. Corpus frequency, not a combination to use.

• GB30Jumping Circle37 protocols
• GB34Yang Mound Spring30 protocols
• ST36Leg Three Miles30 protocols
• LI04Junction Valley25 protocols
• LI11Pond At The Bend25 protocols
• BL60Kunlun (Mountains)22 protocols
• BL40Middle Of The Crease21 protocols
• GB39Suspended Bell20 protocols
• BL23Kidney Shu Point19 protocols
• LI15Shoulder And Clavicle19 protocols
• SP06Three Yin Intersection19 protocols
• LV03Great Surge16 protocols

Other points on the Gallbladder Meridian